Medicaid cuts deepen coordinated assault on women’s healthcare  

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829  

Washington, DC – The National Consumers League (NCL) is speaking out against the sweeping Medicaid cuts included in Trump’s reconciliation package, warning that they come amid a dangerous, coordinated assault on women’s access to essential healthcare services. The new law imposes deep, structural reductions to Medicaid funding and blocks people who use Medicaid from getting care at Planned Parenthood, threatening the health and well-being of millions of low-income Americans, especially women who rely on the program for critical reproductive and preventive care.  This follows a recent Supreme Court decision giving states the green light to block Planned Parenthood from receiving Medicaid funds for essential healthcare services. 

“These cuts to Medicaid and attacks on women’s health are unconscionable,” said NCL Senior Director of Health Policy Lisa Bercu. “They aren’t just numbers in a budget; they translate to fewer prenatal visits, canceled pap smears, and lost access to birth control. These attacks are not about abortion, as federal funds cannot be used for abortion services. Women who depend on Medicaid are being targeted from every angle, and it’s putting their health and lives at risk.”  

When the dust settles from these preposterous cuts, the reality is that 16 million people will be left uninsured—11.8 million due to the bill itself and another 4.2 million because of the failure to renew Affordable Care Act subsidies. The bottom line is that the right to affordable, accessible healthcare should not depend on your income, gender, or zip code.  

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)       

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org. 

Lisa Bercu joins NCL as Senior Director of Health Policy

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829 

Washington, DC – The National Consumers League (NCL), America’s pioneering consumer advocacy organization, is pleased to announce Lisa Bercu as the new Senior Director of Health Policy. Ms. Bercu brings more than a decade of experience in health policy, regulatory affairs, and legislative advocacy to her new role. 

Before joining the League, Lisa spent eight years at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), where she served as Senior Regulatory Counsel in the Office of Generic Drugs and later as Senior Advisor to the Deputy Commissioner for Policy, Legislation, and International Affairs. Her extensive work at the FDA helped shape key policies related to drug access and patient safety.  

Prior to her federal service, Lisa held positions in congressional and regulatory affairs at both a medical society and a reproductive health organization, where she advanced initiatives focused on patient care and public health. 

Lisa earned her J.D. from Georgetown University Law Center and her B.A. from the University of Michigan. 

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)      

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org.   

Want Lower Drug Prices? Transparency is The Answer. 

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By Sally Greenberg, NCL CEO 

Pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) have become the uniquely American actors of behind-the-scenes drama in the healthcare system. They are the classic middleman in that they wield enormous power and get between patients and their prescribed medications. They control how much we pay for the medications and decide whether we can get access to the treatments our doctors prescribe.   

Through vertical integration, PBMs have become so intertwined with other players in the healthcare system, including health insurers, chain and mail order pharmacies, group purchasing organizations, and provider groups, it has been difficult for regulators and lawmakers to untangle their oversized – and frankly, anti-consumer – role in the healthcare infrastructure. 

This has been verified by outside researchers and investigations time and time again – a bipartisan Senate Finance report noted that PBMs – not drug makers – were driving up the cost of insulin with their demands for higher and higher rebates on an old and very effective drug for diabetes.  

And recently, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) reported that the top three PBMs reaped $7.3 billion in profits from marking up drug prices—a clear indication that these middlemen are not negotiating lower prices for consumers but profiting handsomely at their expense. 

As Congress enters the final stretch of negotiating the budget reconciliation bill, we urge our elected officials to include meaningful and broadly supported reforms to pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs).

While PBM reform provisions were included in the House version of the bill, we are disappointed that the Senate version lacks these critical measures. We strongly urge our Senators to incorporate these reforms, which have bipartisan backing in Congress, the support of the White House, and widespread approval from the American public.

The National Consumers League has expressed concern about health policy decisions made in the early months of the Trump administration, including dismantling critical public health programs and undermining public confidence in vaccines. There’s an additional issue, and that is the president’s executive order on prescription drug prices

But in calling for prescription drug prices in the U.S. to be tied to the lowest price charged in other countries, Trump said intriguingly, “We’re going to cut out the middleman and facilitate the direct sale of drugs at the most favored national price directly to the American citizen.” Tying prices to those of other nations is an entirely separate issue that requires additional scrutiny, but questioning the role of the PBMs as middlemen in driving up prices with little value added for consumers is long overdue. 

It’s also not unprecedented in today’s marketplace. Three years ago, entrepreneur Mark Cuban started Cost Plus Drugs, bypassing the PBM middlemen and negotiating directly with manufacturers for low list prices. It has been a model of transparency, in which consumers know they are paying the list price plus a 15% markup and a $5 pharmacy fee. By and large, consumers are getting their medicines much more cheaply than through the conventional process. 

And we’ve seen large drug manufacturers launch their own direct-to-consumer platforms to help Americans directly and more affordably get certain medicines and gain access to other healthcare services. 

This is the kind of “market disruption” that can be beneficial to patients. An immediate advantage is price transparency. In today’s conventional drug prescribing system, few patients can understand what the costs are and who is making money. We have a byzantine system of rebates and discounts that gives PBMs excessive revenue, hiding behind their opaque rebate and other practices, while patients pay higher out-of-pocket costs, and only the PBMs themselves understand how it works – and they like it that way.   

In an ideal world, PBMs would return to their original mission – using their buying power to negotiate lower prices for consumers and self-insured employers. The problem is that the three large PBMs that control over 80% of the drug prescribing market have no motivation to compete for lower prices or offer them to consumers. 

We support alternatives to PBMs – programs like Cost Plus Drugs that deliver pharmaceuticals to consumers directly and do so affordably and transparently. That might be the best medicine for the problem of middlemen reaping billions of dollars of value from the healthcare system without much gain to anyone but themselves. Call it a new way of looking at PBM reform, which Congress has been pushing for many years. Patients and consumers want transparency, so what is Congress waiting for? 

Public health sabotaged: RFK Jr. purges nation’s vaccine advisory committee

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829  

Washington, DC – The National Consumers League (NCL) is alarmed by Health and Human Services (HHS) Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s removal of all 17 members of the CDC’s Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)—a body composed of independent public health experts who were vetted and appointed through a transparent, rigorous process during the previous administration.  ACIP plays a critical role in evaluating the safety, effectiveness, and public health need for vaccines. Its recommendations guide immunization practices for children, seniors, and the general public—including routine vaccines such as the annual flu shot. 

“Expertise is not a conflict of interest—it’s a safeguard,” said NCL CEO Sally Greenberg. “ACIP members are among the most respected scientists and physicians in the country. To remove them wholesale is reckless, and to do so without a clear plan for who will replace them, just weeks before a major meeting, puts the health of every American at risk.”     

ACIP plays a critical role in determining the safety, efficacy, and recommended use of vaccines—decisions that directly impact whether lifesaving immunizations are covered by public and private insurance. Removing the entire committee without naming qualified replacements risks delaying these essential decisions, weakening public trust, and politicizing what must remain an evidence-based process.    

The upcoming ACIP meeting scheduled for June 25–27 looms large, and it is unclear how newly appointed members, with no transition period or institutional knowledge, will be able to contribute to this complex and urgent work responsibly. The lack of continuity undermines the stability of our public health infrastructure and injects uncertainty into vaccine access and coverage.   

We call on Secretary Kennedy to ensure that new appointees are selected transparently, based on qualifications, not ideology, and to protect the scientific integrity of one of the nation’s most trusted advisory bodies.   

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)       

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org.     

MAHA report troubling and misleading for Americans says National Consumers League 

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829  

Washington, DC —The National Consumers League (NCL) is concerned by the release of Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s “Make America Healthy Again” (MAHA) report, a 69-page report masquerading as a public health strategy.    

“This report is a diagnosis without a treatment plan. It’s a muddled mix of cherry-picked, outdated, and misleading data designed to stoke fear, not solve problems,” said Sally Greenberg, NCL CEO. “It reads less like a roadmap for public health and more like a conspiracy manifesto in a lab coat.”     

On issues NCL has long championed – vaccines, food safety, and nutrition labeling – the MAHA report is troubling. It casts baseless doubt on vaccine safety, questions food regulations grounded in science, and floats vague, unworkable notions that would unravel decades of hard-won consumer protections.   

The report’s food safety claims are flawed, painting a grim picture of pesticide use in American agriculture—claims that have already sparked a backlash from farmers. A review by NOTUS found that several cited studies either don’t exist or were misrepresented, including one falsely attributed to a researcher. “You can’t call this ‘gold-standard science’ while relying on phantom studies,” said Greenberg. “This isn’t transparency—it’s recklessness.” Despite these red flags, the White House is pushing ahead, requesting $500 million to advance the report’s next phase.   

Americans deserve evidence-based policy, not scare tactics. We call on policymakers, scientists, and the public to recommit to a health system that is modern, science-driven, and focused on consumer safety. If this report is a roadmap, NCL is fearful of what the next phase could mean for Americans. Here at NCL, we agree that it is imperative to bolster public health and encourage cleaner food production and supply, but this report falls short.   

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)      

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org.   

The National Consumers League Applauds the Reintroduction of the Treat and Reduce Obesity Act; Urges Swift Action

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829 

Washington, DC – Months after the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) determined in a proposed rule that Medicare Part D should cover anti-obesity medications as a “medically necessary” service for people with the disease of obesity, the National Consumers League today applauded the reintroduction of the Treat and Reduce Obesity Act (TROA) in the 119th Congress as a critical step towards realizing this goal.  

Introduced in the Senate by Senators Bill Cassidy (R-LA) and Ben Ray Lujan (D-NM), TROA aims to advance obesity care for older Americans by expanding access to intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) beyond the primary care setting and by allowing Medicare Part D to cover FDA approved anti-obesity medications (AOMs), including new injectable drugs called GLP-1s (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists). As such, TROA’s passage would end discriminatory and out-of-date Medicare policies and remove one of the biggest obstacles impeding access to quality obesity care by ensuring Medicare beneficiaries with obesity will have the same access to GLP-1s as those prescribed these drugs for treatment of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.  

When TROA was first introduced during the 113th Congress in 2013, 37.7 percent of adult Americans, or one in three adults, were living with obesity, and the American Medical Association responded by officially recognizing obesity as a serious disease requiring treatment. Now, obesity affects 41.9 percent of US adults  – more than 100 million people – which makes obesity the most prevalent chronic disease affecting Americans, significantly eclipsing the other most prevalent chronic diseases: heart disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, cancer, chronic lung disease, Alzheimer’s Disease, and stroke. Even more significantly, more than 230 medical conditions are directly linked to overweight and obesity, meaning these diseases worsen as the degree of obesity increases. Thus, obesity today is responsible for an estimated 400,000 deaths a year and costs the US economy an estimated $1.72 trillion annually. 

Also of note, the science of obesity treatment has changed significantly since the Medicare Part D program went into effect in 2006, resulting in new therapeutic agents, such as GLP-1 drugs, that can help people lose up to 20 percent of their weight in 26 months. Calculating the potential savings resulting from better health outcomes when obesity is treated, studies are beginning to project the potential savings to the economy from covering obesity medications. One recent study published December 5, 2024, in JAMA Network Open, estimated that a 10 percent weight loss resulting from obesity treatment saved $2,430 in reduced medical expenditures, and for a 25 percent weight loss, the reduction in health expenditures is $5,444 per person.  

Besides these reasons, the National Consumers League welcomes the reintroduction of TROA as a way that Congress can drive nationwide adoption of the Obesity Bill of Rights, issued by NCL and the National Council on Aging (NCOA) in 2024. The Obesity Bill of Rights defines quality obesity care as the right of all adults and establishes eight essential rights, including the right for older adults to receive quality obesity care and the right to coverage for the full range of treatment options so Americans with obesity will get the care specified in medical guidelines.  

Accordingly, NCL looks forward to working with Senators Cassidy and Lujan to build support for TROA and to working with the sponsors of the companion House bill, which will be introduced soon. At a time when so much is at stake for the health of older adults, TROA can be a catalyst for Congress to help older adults realize these rights and improve the standard of care for millions of Americans with obesity.  

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)      

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org.    

NCL urges FDA and consumers to take action as GLP-1 shortage ends, but “infodemic” continues

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, (202)-207-2829

May 22 Conclusion of Mass Compounded GLP-1s Should Bring Clarity but Confusion Reigns

Washington, DC — Despite the end of the GLP-1 shortage and May 22 FDA-issued deadline for companies to stop mass compounding of the products, the National Consumers League (NCL) is concerned that the epidemic of GLP-1 misinformation will continue to confuse consumers with fake products that can put their health at risk. Both the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and consumers have roles to play in responding to the “infodemic.”

According to the FDA, as of today, companies should no longer mass-produce compounded GLP-1s. If they do, they will be in violation of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act and may be subject to penalties, recalls, and other sanctions. While NCL understands the role of compounded drugs as customized medications created by pharmacists or physicians in individualized cases that combine, mix, or alter ingredients to meet a specific patient’s needs, like a swallowing disorder, they are not appropriate for mass production and distribution. They also pose more potential risks to patients.

Because compounded drugs do not have the guardrails, nor have they been tested in large populations, there are risks associated with them, and they therefore should never be produced on a mass marketing basis except in very limited situations where the FDA has declared a shortage of drugs in high demand. That was the case with shortages of GLP1 drugs from 2022 to several months ago, to meet the high demand.

The May 22 deadline should provide clarity for consumers who need GLP-1 medications. After this date, only products that are “FDA-approved” or have been through the FDA process and are proven safe and effective in large populations and prescribed by a medical professional should be on the market. We must ensure compounders abide by the FDA’s rules. However, NCL is concerned that the marketing of compounded and other nonlegal weight loss products will continue beyond the deadline and continue to confuse consumers and patients who are managing chronic diseases like obesity.

Our concerns are not unfounded: We recently released a national survey of perceptions of compounded GLP-1 products sold online, showing that there is significant confusion about GLP-1 products amongst women. Key findings include that more than 70% believe compounded GLP-1s are only on the market if they have been tested and proven safe, and more than half (53%) think compounded GLP-1s have received FDA-approval. Neither of these claims is true.

For the sake of consumers across the country, we urge the FDA to enforce federal law and its long-standing safety-guided standards for compounded products now that GLP-1 products are no longer in shortage. We also call on consumers to take the following steps to learn the facts about GLP-1s and understand what’s FDA-approved, what’s fake, and what might put their health at risk:

  1. If a product says, “Doctor Approved,” and not “FDA-Approved,” it is likely a compounded versions of GLP-1s that are not permitted after May 22: if you see them, it’s a red flag.
  2. Educate yourself by going to The Weight Truth website (https://nclnet.org/weight-truth/),
  3. Be aware that FDA-approved GLP-1s are not available in gummy, chewable, patch, nasal, or sublingual forms.
  4. Ask the healthcare provider or company selling you the GLP-1 if it’s the FDA-approved brand product. You can also reach out to the FDA-approved manufacturers to determine whether you have authentic medicine.
  5. Report fake GLP-1s to us through The Weight Truth website (https://nclnet.org/weight-truth/

In addition to raising awareness amongst consumers about the misinformation surrounding compounded GLP-1s, NCL is also reiterating its appeal to Congress to pass the Treat and Reduce Obesity Act (TROA), a critical piece of legislation that will allow more older Americans to be treated with FDA-approved anti-obesity medications under the Medicare program.

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)    

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org. 

National Survey Shows a Vast Majority of Americans Want Comprehensive Reform of the 340B Drug Pricing Program

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829  

National Poll Demonstrates Strong Support for Policies That Ensure Qualifying Patients Benefit Directly From 340B Drug Discounts, Hold 340B Hospitals & Covered Entities Accountable

Washington, DC – Today, the National Consumers League (NCL) released results from a new Morning Consult national poll of more than 20,000 American adults, revealing overwhelming concern about the burden of medical debt and strong public demand for comprehensive reforms of the 340B Drug Pricing Program. Nearly four in five surveyed adults (78%) support establishing requirements to ensure that qualifying patients directly benefit from 340B drug discounts through reduced out-of-pocket prescription drug costs. More than three in four surveyed adults (77%) believe hospitals should be required to pass 340B savings directly onto patients.

The national poll also found that:

  • 54% of surveyed adults currently have or previously had medical debt, with those in rural areas and the South disproportionately affected. Among adults who have experienced medical debt, more than half (54%) reported skipping additional needed medical care due to cost.
  • Three in four surveyed adults (76%) expressed concern that hospitals benefiting from 340B drug discounts often pursue aggressive debt collection practices against patients.
  • A majority of polled adults strongly supported proposed reforms of the 340B program, including policies to ensure qualifying patients benefit directly from 340B through reduced out-of-pocket costs, allow audits on how hospitals and pharmacies are using the 340B program, and add a requirement that 340B hospitals share a portion of the savings they generate with qualifying 340B patients.

“The 340B program is supposed to help vulnerable patients access and afford life-saving medicines and care, but the evidence shows some hospitals, the pharmacies they contract with, and middlemen are abusing 340B for profit at the expense of low-income and uninsured patients,” said National Consumers League (NCL) CEO Sally Greenberg, JD. “Americans have said loud and clear: They want a 340B program that puts patients first, not profits. Congress must act now to institute comprehensive reforms that restore integrity and accountability to 340B before more patients are left behind.”

The 340B Drug Pricing Program allows hospitals and other covered healthcare entities to access medications at discounted prices from manufacturers with the intent that they pass savings onto patients. However, over time, some hospitals, the pharmacies they contract with, and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) have manipulated the program into a major profit-generating enterprise. In many cases, 340B hospitals charge patients full price for discounted drugs, keep the difference as profit, provide minimal levels of charity care, and pursue aggressive debt collection practices against the very patients the program was meant to protect.

This April, Senator Bill Cassidy, M.D. (R-LA), the Chair of the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee, released a report detailing finds from a multi-year investigation of how covered entities abuse the 340B program. In the report, Sen. Cassidy outlined reforms meant to bring greater transparency to the 340B program, including requiring annual reporting on how 340B revenue is used to ensure direct savings for patients and providing clear guidelines to ensure that drug discounts actually benefit 340B-eligible patients.

By the Numbers: 340B Program Abuses Harm American Patients

  • Massive Price Markups. Medicine price markups are 6.6 times higher at 340B hospitals than at independent clinics, and research shows participation in 340B does not improve health outcomes for uninsured and low-income patients.
  • Declining Charity Care. 340B has grown exponentially to become the second largest federal prescription drug program after Medicare Part D. However, only $1 is invested in charity care for every $10 in profit collected by profitable 340B hospitals.
  • Lack of Transparency. Discounted purchases under 340B totaled a massive $66.3 billion in 2023. However, hospitals are not required to disclose their 340B profits or even whether their revenue is used to lower patient costs.

To learn more about the 340B Drug Pricing Program and the need for federal reforms of the program, visit: https://nclnet.org/340b-program/.

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)       

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org.   

NCL applauds Senator Cassidy’s effort to shine light on 340B program oversight and accountability

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829  

Washington, DC – The National Consumers League (NCL) applauds Senator Bill Cassidy, M.D. (R-LA), Ranking Member of the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions (HELP) Committee, for releasing a new report exposing significant accountability gaps in the federal 340B drug discount program.    

“The 340B program was designed to help vulnerable patients afford life-saving medications—not to boost the bottom lines of large health systems or third-party contractors,” said Sally Greenberg, CEO of the National Consumers League. “Senator Cassidy’s report rightly calls for greater accountability, transparency, and reform. We urge Congress to act quickly so this critical program delivers on its promise to help the patients who need it most.”  

The report raises serious concerns about how hospitals, clinics, and pharmacies use 340B revenue—often with little transparency or direct benefit to low-income and uninsured patients. Key findings include:  

  • Large hospital systems report hundreds of millions in 340B revenue used for vague purposes like “capital improvements,” with no clear patient benefit.  
  • Federally Qualified Health Centers show inconsistent practices in delivering discounts to patients, despite a significant 340B income.  
  • Pharmacy chains like CVS and Walgreens impose rising fees on providers, making it harder to serve vulnerable patients.  
  • Drug manufacturers report misuse of discounts, including diversion to ineligible patients and duplicate discounts.  

Senator Cassidy proposes reforms to increase oversight, require annual reporting on 340B revenue use, and ensure patients—not intermediaries—benefit from the program.  

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About the National Consumers League (NCL)       

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org.   

America’s second obesity crisis is an infodemic of disinformation about GLP-1 weight loss drugs

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Media Contact: Lisa McDonald, Vice President of Communications, 202-207-2829

The National Consumers League Launches a New Mobilization, “The Weight Truth,” to Combat the Infodemic of Disinformation Surrounding GLP-1 Drugs; New White Paper Identifies Nine Priorities for Action

Washington, DC – With mounting evidence that an infodemic of disinformation about GLP-1 weight loss medicines has become America’s second obesity crisis, the National Consumers League (NCL) – a leading non-profit fighting fraud in the marketplace – today released a white paper as a blueprint for policy changes to combat the flood of false information circulating online about GLP-1 products and launched an ambitious national anti-disinformation effort called the Weight Truth with the online hub, www.weight-truth.org, to drive action.

“Despite the promise of GLP-1 drugs to help Americans with obesity achieve a significant weight loss and improve their health status, an escalating ‘infodemic’ of disinformation online is causing consumers to opt for ‘cheap, easy and doctor approved’ products that may cause harm or could be fakes, “said Sally Greenberg, NCL’s CEO. “Infodemics are dangerous, which is why NCL is raising awareness of this serious health hazard and calling for a national mobilization to arm people with the facts about GLP-1s and to protect the public through legal and regulatory efforts.”

Disinformation Is Rampant
Coinciding with the end of a national shortage of branded GLP-1 medicines and the withdrawal of compounded versions from the market, the Weight Truth will help the public decode misinformation about these weight loss medicines at a time when researchers warn of an “alarming” amount of disinformation online that is sowing distrust in health institutions and encouraging consumers to opt for products promoted as “doctor approved” that FDA warns “can be risky for patients.” Consumers are also subjected to a flood of false claims about supposed new forms of GLP-1s, such as patches, shakes, gummies, drops, and versions with untested additives, without evidence that these products even work. Documenting the reach of this false information, one recent study estimated a 1200 percent increase in “violative or problematic” GLP-1-related ads between 2022 and 2024 (the time when FDA-approved GLP-1 drugs were in shortage).

New Poll Reveals the Consequences of Disinformation
Yet, the most persuasive data comes from a new NCL-commissioned survey of 1,500 women ages 18-55 fielded by Dynata, LLC in March 2025, which finds that 85 percent of women with obesity believe the false claims made in online ads. When respondents were shown a fictional ad for a compounded GLP-1 drug and were asked what the term “doctor approved” meant to them, 55 percent said the drug was “endorsed by medical professionals,” and 31 percent said the drug was “safe to use.” Reinforcing these viewpoints, 71 percent of the women polled said they believe compounded GLP-1s are only on the market if they were tested and proven safe, and more than half (53 percent) think these medications received FDA approval. Additionally, 49 percent think compounded versions have the same active ingredients, and 41 percent say the doses are the same as the branded drug. None of these perceptions are accurate.

“The Weight Truth is an essential tool that will help thousands of consumers navigate a weight loss market rife with bad actors promoting non-FDA-approved GLP-1s. People living with obesity deserve accurate information and access to safe, affordable, and effective care that allows them to succeed during their treatment journey,” said Dr. Angela Fitch, past president of the Obesity Medicine Association and Chief Medical Officer of knownwell.

Disinformation Is Dangerous and Leads to Serious Health Consequences
Underscoring why these findings of the new survey matter, NCL’s white paper – Compounding, Counterfeits, and Confusion: Confronting the Infodemic of Disinformation on Obesity Treatments – documents what happens when disinformation causes consumers to opt for medicines that the FDA does not review for safety, effectiveness, or quality before they are marketed. Regarding compounded GLP-1 drugs, patient safety advocates point to exemptions from standard product labeling requirements, which leave consumers without information on side effects, contraindications, and possible adverse effects and opens the door for marketers to tout the benefits of compounded GLP-1s without disclosing the risks. Moreover, the FDA warns that not undergoing a pre-market review increases the potential that drugs will have quality issues, such as contamination, sub- or super-potency, or incorrect dosing. Beyond compounded GLP-1s, patient safety advocates and state attorneys general point to drug counterfeiters and bad actors who put consumers at risk for harm from exposure to contaminated ingredients, undisclosed chemical agents, and dosing errors by illegally selling the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in GLP-1s directly to consumers online with dosing instructions.

“Disinformation about GLP-1 medications puts patient safety at risk, and The Weight Truth initiative is urgently needed to fight back. Every person affected by obesity deserves access to trustworthy, evidence-based information about their care options,” says Joe Nadglowski, President and CEO of the Obesity Action Coalition (OAC). “No one should be forced to navigate a sea of confusing or misleading claims that jeopardize their health and well-being.”

Documenting the potential health consequences from dosing errors and exposure to the wrong ingredients,
 FDA has received over 775 adverse event reports as of February 28, 2025, which includes reports of 17 deaths and over 100 hospitalizations. Moreover, poison control centers report nearly a 1,500 percent increase in calls since 2019 related to overdosing or side effects of injectable GLP-1 usage. Importantly, because most compounding pharmacies are not required to report adverse events from compounding drugs, the FDA indicates it is “likely that adverse events from compounded versions of GLP-1 drugs are underreported.

A Blueprint for National Actions
Because infodemics are dangerous, NCL’s white paper calls for collective action to combat the epidemic of false and misleading claims about GLP-1 weight loss drugs and policy changes to protect consumers during national drug shortages where there is a large mass market for these drugs. Toward this end, NCL’s blueprint identifies nine
priorities for action:

  1. Make Combating Infodemics a National Priority
    The growing threat of misinformation requires a unified national response, and NCL’s anti-disinformation initiative, the Weight Truth, can be the model for educating consumers and being a platform for clinicians, advocates, and policymakers to advance policy changes to protect consumers.
  2. Increase Coverage and Affordability of FDA-Approved GLP-1 Weight Loss Drugs
    Because increasing coverage of FDA-approved GLP-1 drugs is the best way to put a damper on an exploitative market for these products, the National Consumers League and many advocates are working to secure coverage through Medicare and state Medicaid programs and private insurers in order to help reduce patients’ out-of-pocket costs.
  3. Enforce Existing Drug Advertising Rules
    During the national shortage of GLP-1 drugs, online advertising proved effective in convincing consumers that compounded versions were essentially generic versions of branded drugs. Thus, the FDA can help stem the infodemic by monitoring content online and enforcing existing prescription drug advertising regulations.
  4. Explore a New Role for the Federal Trade Commission
    The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has a strong regulatory framework to address deceptive marketing and ensure that advertising claims are truthful and substantiated, including health claims. Since FTC is taking aim at food companies that are developing “GLP-1 friendly” products, there is an opening for the FTC to take enforcement actions against companies that make false or misleading claims about GLP-1 drugs and to assert that supplements, gummies, patches, and related products are not forms of GLP-1s.
  5. Increase Pharmacovigilance of Online Pharmacy Websites
    During the national shortage of GLP-1 drugs, illegal online pharmacies were actively selling semaglutide without
    a prescription and shipping unregistered and falsified products. These pharmacies pose a major threat and should be a focus for enforcement efforts by the FDA and state boards of pharmacy.
  6. Intensify Federal and State Efforts to Protect Consumers from Counterfeiters

Counterfeit products are entering the U.S. supply chain. As identified by the FDA, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and many state Attorneys General, key areas for enforcement are sellers using online app-based platforms to supply consumers with GLP-1 products containing insulin or “animal grade” ingredients and illegally selling the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) in GLP-1s directly to consumers.

  1. Implement Labeling Rules for Compounders
    Not having labeling information on side effects, contraindications, and possible adverse events leads patients to underestimate the risks of compounded drugs and potential dosing errors. Given the millions of consumers who may take compounded drugs if/when there is another large and prolonged national drug shortage, the same labeling rules should apply to both branded and compounded copycat drugs during a shortage.
  2. Require Compounders to Submit Adverse Reactions Reports to FDA

Adverse event reports are often the way the FDA learns of safety issues with compounded drugs, which is why the agency should have accurate information on safety issues during a national drug shortage.

  1. Require Compounders to Disclose Information on the Composition and Distribution of Compounded Drugs

Currently, compounders are not required to disclose the source of their Active Product Ingredient (API), the main ingredient in making compounded GLP-1s, nor report the number of doses sold. Having access to this information during a national shortage will improve surveillance efforts and build trust in the integrity of compounded products.

“Everyone requires accurate information to make health care decisions that are best for ourselves and our families, and we rely on regulators to protect us from misleading claims about medical products,” said Michael C. Barnes, Counsel to Aimed Alliance. “The FDA, state boards of pharmacy, and state attorneys general can and should take enforcement action against suppliers of unapproved drugs and deceptive advertisers. Aimed Alliance supports NCL and federal and state health and safety officials’ efforts to protect consumers in the health care marketplace.”

About the Weight Truth Initiative

To combat false information circulating online about GLP-1 products, NCL commissioned new opinion research and consulted with leading obesity specialists, disinformation authorities, law enforcement officials, and regulatory experts to assess the infodemic, understand how the unregulated marketplace for GLP-1s operates, and determine what can be done to protect the public through education and policy change. Based on this assessment, NCL developed the Weigh Truth initiative, including an online hub – www.weight-truth.org – to arm people with the facts about GLP-1s and advance policies to prevent exploitative markets from operating during national drug shortages when there is a large mass market for compounded drugs.

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About NCL

The National Consumers League, founded in 1899, is America’s pioneer consumer organization. Our mission is to protect and promote social and economic justice for consumers and workers in the United States and abroad. For more information, visit www.nclnet.org.