Looking for ROI? Try investing in public health – National Consumers League

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92_ayannaBy Ayanna Johnson, Health Policy Associate

This week, April 1-7, is National Public Health Week. This year’s theme is Public Health is ROI: Save Lives, Save Money. The public health model relies extensively on prevention—preventing deaths, preventing illness, and preventing high healthcare costs. Since 1995, communities nationwide have celebrated NPHW each April to draw attention to the need to help protect and improve the nation’s health. Investing in public health systems and interventions saves money and certainly saves lives.

Every year in the United States, seven out of 10 deaths are due to preventable chronic diseases such as diabetes and heart disease. Chronic conditions, like asthma, COPD and diabetes, cost our health care system millions. In fact, chronic diseases account for a whopping 75 percent of national health care spending, yet only 3 percent of our health care dollars go toward prevention. Nearly 45 percent of individuals with a chronic disease require at least one medication. However, one-third of people never fill their prescriptions, which is costly and can lead to unintended health consequences. With the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, it is now more important than ever to invest in preventative health care, like medication adherence, to manage our growing epidemic of preventable chronic diseases.

Poor medication adherence is a national problem that contributes to our growing health care costs, especially among those with chronic conditions. It is estimated that nearly 3 out of 4 Americans don’t take their medications as directed, costing Americans nearly $300 billion per year in avoidable hospitalizations, doctor’s visits, ER visits, and nursing home admission.

Improved medication adherence leads to cost savings. Patients with chronic conditions who are adherent to their medications have fewer emergency department visits and hospitalizations than patients who are not adherent, saving as much as $7,800 per patient annually in overall health care costs. And, every additional dollar spent on improving adherence saves $7 in medical costs for people with diabetes; $5 in medical costs for people with high cholesterol, and $4 in medical costs for people with high blood pressure.

At the National Consumers League, our campaign to raise awareness of the importance of medication adherence is an example of how improving public health can save money on health care costs in the long run.  The Script Your Future campaign provides patients, their family caregivers, and health care professionals with the tools needed to take control of their health. This includes knowing the right questions to ask a doctor, pharmacist, or other health care professionals about medications. For patients to manage their medications, it is important that they understand their chronic condition, the role of medication, and the importance of adherence.

For more information about Script Your Future, visit. www.ScriptYourFuture.org.

For more information about National Public Health Week, visit www.nphw.org.

The President’s Push For Rebuilding the Nation’s Infrastructure is Just The Right Medicine – National Consumers League

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By Sally Greenberg, NCL Executive Director

I’m on vacation in FL for the week and reading the Palm Beach Post’s coverage of President Obama’s speech from the port of Miami calling for a surge in spending on infrastructure. I couldn’t agree more. The President is not saying that all such spending should be taxpayer funded. Instead, he’s asking for a public-private partnership, including improving Miami’s rail connection to Hialeah, and in turn, with rail lines all over the country. Right now, port traffic must go through downtown Miami, causing costly delays in transporting the cargo that can be avoided with a tunnel under Biscayne Bay.

This kind of public works project will provide jobs, and likely good jobs that pay livable wages and benefits, and can help repair crumbling infrastructure affecting bridges, dams, tunnels, and sewer systems.  This is a win-win-win, because the taxpayers get better services and improved systems, workers get jobs, and the public-private partnership means that businesses are kicking in their share and have a stake in the outcome. Miami-Dade Mayor Carlos Gimenez, a Republican, says the project will create at least 10,000 jobs in the port and is a strong supporter.

I like how the President put it: “There are few more important things we can do to create jobs right now and strengthen our economy over the long haul than rebuilding the infrastructure that powers our businesses and economy. …My top priority …is to ignite the true engine of our economic growth—a rising, thriving middle class.”

Mr. Obama also outlined a series of other projects which Congress needs to support, including a $10 billion “infrastructure bank.” This is exciting stuff, and just the medicine the nation needs as we climb out of the recession of the last few years. Now we need Congress to get behind the effort.

LifeSmarts dispatches from the road: McKinley Technology High School wins LifeSmarts DC for the second year in a row – National Consumers League

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McKinley Technology High School are repeat champions

By LifeSmarts staff

Entering the day, there was one ticket left to be punched for the LifeSmarts national competition, which will be held in Atlanta, GA from April 19-23. McKinley Technology High School won the DC LifeSmarts competition today, ensuring the last spot in beautiful Atlanta. After a long day of heated competition, McKinley Tech’s two teams faced off in the final round of questioning, each flexing their consumer knowledge muscles. This was not uncommon territory for McKinley, which sent a team to the national competition in Philadelphia last year.

Delonte Bright, a member of the 2012 McKinley team and current advisor to the new DC champion team, said LifeSmarts gives students a great opportunity to learn about consumer issues.

“There are so many things I learned in LifeSmarts that have been useful in the real world,” said Bright. Het offered one example, saying, “Now I know how many times I can go to the bank and withdraw money before I get a penalty. I never have to worry about that anymore.”

Bright, who graduated from McKinley in 2012, now attends District of Columbia University, home for the DC LifeSmarts competition. He serves as a mentor to current team captain Leslie Ogu. This McKinley senior, who received a full scholarship to George Washington University for fall 2013, says that LifeSmarts is a great tool to empower consumers, and he has learned so much new information that will be helpful the rest of his life. Ogu hopes to study computer science at GW. He is already knowledgeable of technology issues evidenced by his top score in the individual technology assessment portion of the competition.

The LifeSmarts competition is a nationwide consumer challenge for high school students. It is a program of the National Consumers League. This year in Atlanta, representatives from 36 states will descend upon the Peach State for four days of consumer knowledge competitions. The participants will compete in a variety of games, testing their knowledge in personal finance, consumer rights and responsibilities, health and safety, technology, and the environment. We look forward to welcoming McKinley and all of our other winners from around the country to Atlanta next month. Follow the action on twitter at #LifeSmarts2013.

Tragic Story Highlights the Impact of Grain Bin Danger – National Consumers League

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By Reid Maki, Coordinator, Child Labor Coalition

An estimated 25 to 30 kids a year die at work. Through its advocacy and its work, the Child Labor Coalition, a campaign of the National Consumers League (NCL), has worked to reduce that number over the years. Last spring, the NCL’s annual report on The Five Most Dangerous Jobs for Teens included the agricultural industry. Last year, we worked to help enact proposed rules to protect kids working in agriculture ultimately, however, that effort failed, and the organized farm lobby was able to force the Obama administration to withdraw the rules. We estimate this will lead to the unnecessary deaths of 50 to 100 youth working on farms over the next decade.

This week, the national media has focused much-needed attention on a particular type of farm-related death: work in grain silo facilities, which in a typical year kills 15 or more workers. According to recent data, 20 percent of the victims of grain engulfments are young workers.

National Public Radio (NPR) and the Public Broadcasting System’s News Hour each featured in-depth stories this week, highlighting a terrible tragedy that occurred in Mount Carroll, Illinois nearly three years ago. Two teens were engulfed by grain and killed while working in a silo: 14-year-old Wyatt Whitebread and 19-year-old Alex Pacas. Will Piper, a 20-year-old co-worker, barely escaped with his life because someone threw him a bucket that he was able to put over his head. The bucket prevented the flowing grain from asphyxiating him. Today, Piper lives in guilt because he turned his friend Alex Pacas onto work in the grain silo.

Among the worst aspects of this case are the fact that Wyatt, 14, was too young to be doing such dangerous work. He and Alex also should have been wearing safety harnesses as they walked on top of the crusty grain trying to loosen it. The facility had the mandatory harnesses but didn’t instruct or compel the teens to wear them.

The NPR and PBS stories grew out of reporting from the Center for Public Integrity. The center found that the fines levied by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration as a result of preventable grain engulfments were typically reduced over 50 percent and in some cases well over 90 percent.

In the deaths of Alex Pacas and Wyatt Whitebread, OSHA found 12 “willful violations” and initially leveled $555,000 in fines. This amount was later reduced to $200,000. A Center for Public Interest-NPR analysis found that the $9.2 million fines proposed by OSHA for engulfments that killed 179 people between 1984 and 2012 were eventually reduced to $3.8 million.

NCL and the CLC believe strongly that youth working on farms and agricultural facilities need to have stronger protections. We urge the Obama administration to reconsider the youth occupational safety rules it withdrew last April. Why allow teen workers to engage in jobs that we know to be extremely dangerous? And in cases where employers are found to be at fault for the death of teen workers, why are fines consistently and dramatically reduced?

Consumers have many choices to save money on prescription drugs – National Consumers League

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From 2011 to 2012 prices for brand name drugs increased in price by an average of 13 percent. As healthcare costs continue to rise, all indications are prescription drugs will rise in cost as well. The good news is consumers have more resources than ever to help them save money on their prescriptions. The easiest way consumers can save money is by finding out whether a generic or non-brand name drug is available.  Generic drugs contain the same active ingredients in the same dosages as brand name drugs, but they cost far less.

Another resource available to consumers is co-pay cards. The co-pay on any prescription is a fixed amount of money that insurance companies ask consumers to pay for a specific drug. By using a co-pay card that sum of money can be greatly reduced or eliminated. There are a variety of co-pay cards available. Consumers can also save money using drug discount cards which are often available online. These cards are offered by state governments, pharmacies, non-profit groups, pharmaceutical companies or large retail chain stores. To compare prices and see which medications are covered by which cards you can visit freecopay.com, needymeds.org, or familywize.org.

To find out more about discount and co-pay cards visit the National Consumers League Web site at nclnet.org. Be wary of any discount card that requires a fee up front because those fees may cost more than the prescription itself.

Meet the top ten scams – #1 fake check fraud – National Consumers League

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This is part one of our 10-part series taking a closer look at the top scams of 2012. The number one scam reported to NCL’s Fraud Center in 2012 was the fake check scheme. To see an overview of our complete report on the top scams of the year, visit our Web site at nclnet.org.

By Sandra Latouff, NCL Public Policy Intern

“Congratulations! You’ve won the lottery!”

“You can earn a large salary just by working at home!”

“Get paid for doing what you love, earn a large salary just for shopping!”

Sounds great, right? There is one catch: all you have to do to get your reward is deposit a check and wire the money to the sender to pay the taxes and fees.

There’s another catch, which consumers aren’t told – The checks are fake and the “great opportunity” is actually a scam that could cost you big-time. On average, consumers who fell victim to these schemes lost an average of more than $2,400! That’s serious cash for most of us.

Scams involving counterfeit or fake checks were the number one scam reported to NCL’s Fraud.org campaign in 2012. The scams comes in a number of variations, including foreign lottery scams, check overpayment scams, internet auction scams, and secret shopper scams, just to name a few.

The scams works like this: a scammer contacts a potential victim, either by email, phone, through the mail, or by some other means. The original communication may or may not include a realistic-looking check made out to the victim. If the victim responds to the outreach, usually by replying to an email or by calling a phone number operated by the scam artist, she is instructed to deposit the check into her personal bank account and wire all or a portion of the proceeds from the check to the scam artist or an accomplice via a money transfer service like MoneyGram or Western Union. The scammer gets cash in hand, often within minutes. Depending on how long it takes the bank to recognize the fake check, the victim may not find out about the fraud until days or weeks later. By that time, the scam artist is long gone and the victim is left owing their bank for the proceeds from the fraudulent check.

Regardless of the type of fake check scam the scammer employs – the “mystery shopper,” the “overpayment,” and the “lottery/sweepstakes winnings” variations are popular – the common thread involves the deposit of a check into a personal bank account and then having money wired to the scammer or a third party, such as a fictional “escrow service.”

It is not unusual for a scam artist to use social persuasion techniques to gain a victim’s trust. When being contacted, the scammer may disclose some personal information such as the victim’s name, address, or email address in an effort to convince their mark that the offer is legitimate. Such personal information is widely available online and does not make the alleged company or organization legitimate or trust-worthy.

Tips to keep in mind:

  • If someone gives you a check or money order and asks you to send money somewhere in return, it’s a scam.
  • If you are asked to pay money to collect lottery or sweepstakes winnings, it’s a scam. If you have really won, you will pay taxes directly to the government after you receive your winnings. Be especially wary of claims that you have won well-known sweepstakes such as Reader’s Digest or Publishers Clearing House.
  • Legitimate mystery shopper or account manager jobs don’t involve using money transfer services to send money. Be especially cautious of offers to mystery shop Western Union or Moneygram locations, or the retail stores that house them, such as Walmart, 7-Eleven, or local drug stores.
  • The check or money order may be fake even if your bank or credit union lets you have the cash. You have the right to get the cash quickly, usually within 1-2 days, but your bank or credit union may not be able to tell if there is a problem with the check or money order until it has gone through the system to the person or company that supposedly issued it. That can take weeks. By the time the fraud is discovered, the crook has pocketed the cash.
  • Even if a consumer is defrauded in a fake check scam, she may still be required to pay the bank back for the losses.

For more tips about avoiding scams involving fake checks, please visit NCL’s FakeChecks.org campaign site or NCL’s guide “Avoid Fake Check Scams: Five things you should know.” For more information on scammers misusing the Publishers Clearing House name, click here. For more information on the Reader’s Digest fake check scam, click here. Western Union’s Consumer Protection Web site is also a good resource for information on these scams.

Experts discuss payroll fraud at Senate briefing – National Consumers League

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The National Consumers League’s Special Project on Wage Theft hosted a Senate briefing on March 13 to explore the under-reported and growing issue of payroll fraud. Payroll fraud is the result of misclassification, meaning that an employer will identify an employee as an independent contractor or pay them off the books, skirting certain worker protections such as minimum wage, paid leave, or worker’s compensation. This phenomenon is widespread in temporary employment industries such as construction, agriculture, trucking, and janitorial services. Unfortunately, misclassification continues to grow, with too few regulators and too many employers who see payroll fraud as an easy way to save money. Workers who do not receive proper benefits, as well as ethical businesses who follow the rules, are ultimately the biggest victims. More information about this issue can be found at the NCL Web site.

Employers responsible for payroll fraud do so knowingly and intentionally. Classifying a worker as an independent contractor is not a minor clerical error, but rather a conscious decision made by an employer. The problem is not that the laws are confusing or hard to understand. However, employers know that they can get away with not paying employees the benefits they deserve. In this tumultuous economy, with the added factor of fear over the implementation of the Affordable Care Act, many purposefully break the rules. This puts honest businesses, especially those bidding on contracts, at a distinct disadvantage and unable to compete with the violators.

Heather Rowe, the Director of the Department of Labor Standards from the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and member of the payroll fraud panel, explained how Massachusetts is handling this complex issue. Her state is a good example for how to combat violating employers. Using a joint task force and a fraud detection system, Massachusetts has begun the process of identifying employers who violate payroll rules and collecting the money they owe. From 2010 to 2011 the state of Massachusetts recovered almost 11 million dollars in unpaid revenues.

With this problem continuing to grow, the question becomes: how do you honor those companies that have followed the rules and punish the companies practicing payroll fraud? At Wednesday’s Senate briefing, panelists discussed one option: publicly shaming employers who violate the rules in order to drive business to companies that play by the rules. California included a public shaming aspect in the employee misclassification law passed in the state in 2012. Another option is to pass federal legislation such as the Payroll Fraud Prevention Act, which was proposed by Sen. Sherrod Brown (D-OH) in 2011. Kim Bobo, author of Wage Theft in America: Why Millions of Working Americans Are Not Getting Paid – And What We Can Do About It and member of the panel, says that there need to be more federal regulators monitoring payroll fraud. “The TSA was able to add 56,000 new regulators in one year. All we need is 1,000 regulators, but it’s an unpopular position in this economy, and people won’t support that,” she said.

The simple fact is payroll fraud is steadily on the rise and rapidly spreading to new industries. Today, many people who work low-wage jobs do not know that they deserve additional benefits or they are too afraid to complain to their employer for fear they will lose the job altogether. New sites such as https://finance.ubc.ca/payroll allow people to anonymously report cases of payroll fraud and helps put public pressure on employers to cease violations. The issue needs more exposure and, as more states follow the example of Massachusetts and other states that have taken action, it will become clear that preventing payroll fraud not only benefits workers, but also provides additional revenues to the states at a time when nearly every state needs the money.

LifeSmarts a Mile High – National Consumers League

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By Lisa Hertzberg, LifeSmarts Program Director

When I landed at the Denver International Airport Sunday during a snowstorm the locals were calling a “blizzard,” I knew that my Minnesota driving skills would come in handy on the windy, snow-packed highways. But what a difference a day makes – by Monday morning the sun was shining, everything was melting, and the Rockies were out in full force. It was a beautiful day for the rebirth of LifeSmarts in Colorado.

We had strong competition and the students demonstrated how hard they had been preparing for the LifeSmarts competition. Over the course of the morning team members completed individual assessments, answered six lightning rounds, and competed in three buzzer matches.

Students gained points for answering “water pick,” “FTC,” and giving a textbook description of the term “opportunity cost.” But my favorite answer of the day was to the question, “What does it mean if your can of tuna says it is dolphin safe?” The student who buzzed in answered, “It means it is safe to feed to your dolphin.” (Hint: not quite the answer we were looking for.)

The competition came down to the final match between Northglenn High School and Monarch High School, with Monarch winning the state title.

It was exciting to see a new state program taking shape, and it could not have happened without the tireless work of Dalene Bricker who organized the event, our gracious host DeVry University in Westminster, and Western Union which provided volunteers for the state competition and support to NCL to expand into five new states this year, including Colorado.

Public health thwarted – National Consumers League

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By Teresa Green, Linda Golodner Food Safety & Nutrition Fellow

In our staff meeting this morning I announced that I was planning to write a blog to celebrate tomorrow’s implementation of New York City’s limits on the sale of sugary beverages over 16 ounces. Since Mayor Bloomberg announced the measure, NCL has been behind it, and our Executive Director Sally Greenberg, actually traveled to New York City to testify in support of the measure. I planned to write about the impact that sodas have on our health, and the way that sugary beverages have contributed to obesity. I planned to applaud the Major for his forward thinking when it comes to public health matters; we feel strongly that any measure which helps us consumer fewer sweetened beverages is a good one.

However, as I was working on my blog post, news began to filter in that a New York judge had issued an injunction barring the Mayor’s proposal from going into effect. My blog post of the morning was no longer the right one to post. While all of the positive things I had written about the soda ban were still true, the bigger issue now was that this common-sense ban has been delayed if not completely derailed. Judge Milton Tingling argues that the rules are “fraught with arbitrary and capricious consequences,” and I feel the same way about childhood obesity. How arbitrary for our children that they grow up in an era where the very fabric of society predisposes them towards poor health; in fact more than two-thirds of adults are overweight or obese, meaning most kids will likely end up that way as well unless we change something. Placing reasonable limits on the sale of sugary beverages by certain establishments certainly seemed like a great place to start. Mayor Bloomberg has said he will challenge the judge’s ruling, and we can only hope he will be successful.

Fishy labeling harming consumers’ health and pocketbooks – National Consumers League

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By Teresa Green, Linda Golodner Food Safety & Nutrition Fellow

A new study was recently released, reaffirming something those of us who work on food fraud have known for a while: adulteration and food fraud is rampant, especially in the most vulnerable products. This most recent study addresses fish products sold in the D.C. metropolitan area, NCL’s backyard. The study found that one-third of seafood sold in both restaurants and grocery stores is mislabeled as a different type of fish. For some types of fish, like snapper, as much as 87 percent of the fish sold nationwide may be mislabeled.

The motivation for mislabeling fish is the same as the motive for any food fraud: economic profit. Whenever a cheaper product can be sold in place of a more expensive one, this increases the potential profit margin for the producer. Unfortunately, economically motivated adulteration can hurt consumers. First and most obviously, customers are not getting what they paid for. Secondly, when products are adulterated, consumers are unaware of what they are consuming and thus cannot avoid ingredients that they do not want to consume. This is particularly harmful when these ingredients are allergens. Finally, one major concern revolves around food safety. If a producer is breaking the law by substituting products, it is certainly possible that they are cutting corners in other areas. In particular, they may not be following the most up-to-date food safety practices.

Unfortunately for consumers, identifying when a product has been adulterated is very difficult. Prices that seem too good to be true can be one indicator that a product isn’t what it claims to be. Beyond that, consumers who are concerned about this issue should let the FDA know that enforcement and testing should be a high priority.