Anti-consumer practices, including denying or deferring care or taking legal action against patients due to medical debt, continue to be a major concern for patients navigating the U.S. healthcare system. In 2022, nearly 4 in 10 adults were affected by medical debt; of those, 60% had annual household incomes below $40,000. This brief lays out the trends, implications, and opportunities for improvement on hospital medical debt.
Anti-consumer practices, including denying or deferring care or taking legal action against patients due to medical debt, continue to be a major concern for patients navigating the U.S. healthcare system. In 2022, nearly 4 in 10 adults were affected by medical debt; of those, 60% had annual household incomes below $40,000. This brief lays out the trends, implications, and opportunities for improvement on hospital medical debt.
The 340B Drug Pricing Program was designed to help low-income and uninsured patients access their medications and care. Unfortunately, some hospitals, the pharmacies they contract with, and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) are exploiting the program for profit at the expense of patients. This handout gives an overview breaking down the 340B Drug Pricing Program by the numbers, poll findings, and a message from NCL CEO Sally Greenberg.
The 340B Drug Pricing Program was designed to help low-income and uninsured patients access their medications and care. Unfortunately, some hospitals, the pharmacies they contract with, and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) are exploiting the program for profit at the expense of patients. This handout gives an overview breaking down the 340B Drug Pricing Program by the numbers, poll findings, and a message from NCL CEO Sally Greenberg.
The National Consumers League and Morning Consult conducted a nationwide survey to better understand the impact of medical debt on Americans and public attitudes toward the 340B Drug Pricing Program. The findings reveal widespread financial hardship tied to medical bills, overwhelming support for commonsense policy solutions, and strong public interest in reforming the 340B program to ensure it benefits patients directly.
The National Consumers League and Morning Consult conducted a nationwide survey to better understand the impact of medical debt on Americans and public attitudes toward the 340B Drug Pricing Program. The findings reveal widespread financial hardship tied to medical bills, overwhelming support for commonsense policy solutions, and strong public interest in reforming the 340B program to ensure it benefits patients directly.
The work of the National Consumers League is making a difference in people’s lives across the country. Meet some of the consumers touched by our programs.
Read about NCL’s impact
Paige, 55, a Nashville wife and mother of two, answered an employment ad for secret shoppers. Before sending payment to the scammers, she reached out to NCL.
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A grease fire flared up in Decklan’s kitchen. As his family scrambled and panicked, fearing that the whole house might erupt in flames, Decklan remained calm. He hurried over to the pantry, grabbed some baking soda, and dumped it on the fire quickly extinguishing the blaze.
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Cincinnati resident Charles, 45, lost his computer business — and health insurance— during a time of economic downturn. A diabetic, Charles was now unable to afford his medication. He stopped taking it which made him seriously ill and put his life at risk.
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Jeremy is a fast-food worker who has been employed at a number of Chipotle restaurants in New York City. When he was just 20 years old, he took part in an NCL research project that revealed that management practices within the fast food chain were putting workers—and food safety for customers—at risk.
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By Sally Greenberg, NCL Executive Director
While the COVID-19 pandemic has led to hardship for all Americans, it is clear that people of color have been disproportionately burdened. Across the health care continuum, addressing this disparity has become part of the broader conversation about the history of systemic racism and the underlying social determinants of health that negatively affect the mental, physical, and economic health of individuals and entire communities.
The pandemic has underscored persistent health disparities, and there is growing recognition that representation in research and clinical trials can have a profound impact on health outcomes. A lack of representation from racially and ethnically diverse groups in research and clinical trials have typically led to gaps in data, missing the opportunity to assess the full impact of various treatments and drugs across a range of populations. The collection and use of real-world research and data to inform the potential use, risks, and benefits of medical products and treatments can ultimately lead to better health outcomes, particularly for those who have been underrepresented in the past.
Existing efforts to improve inclusion
Efforts to expand diversity and representation in medical research are underway in Congress. Policymakers are encouraging the incorporation of Real World Evidence (RWE) in drug development through the recent Cures 2.0 draft legislation released by Reps. Diana Degette (D-CO-1) and Fred Upton (D-MI-6). While the status quo limits us from effectively reaching underserved populations, the proposed legislation would allow studies that include RWE for some drugs after they have been approved. At the heart of this issue is a growing appreciation that the same therapy can affect different populations in different ways, which is why Cures 2.0 supports collecting data that more accurately reflects the unique experiences and needs of patients across diverse populations.
Recognizing the potential for RWE in maternal health
The lack of representative research in the field of maternal health is undeniable, and its implications are staggering. The dismal state of maternal care in the United States reflects how our health care system has failed women of color, including by not adequately studying treatment options to prevent maternal morbidity and mortality. The need for RWE is clear when you consider the persistent disparities in health outcomes that plague minority communities.
Preterm birth and its disproportionate impact on women of color is a stark illustration of the need to make progress on representative research in maternal health. Preterm birth is the second-largest contributor to infant death in America today. Despite the tremendous physical, emotional, and financial toll that preterm birth continues to take on our country — disproportionately so on women and families of color — not enough therapeutic tools currently exist to prevent it.
Today, “17P,” the only FDA-approved treatment to help reduce the likelihood of spontaneous, recurrent preterm birth in the United States is at-risk of being withdrawn from the market in all its forms, including the branded product and five generic versions. Unfortunately there is conflicting evidence from two different clinical trials, one representative of a diverse U.S. population and another studied in a largely white population in Europe. It’s not a straightforward comparison. If 17P is withdrawn, the women most affected by preterm birth, predominantly women of color, would be left without an FDA-approved treatment option.
The FDA is considering the path forward, including additional data collection through leveraging RWE from past patient use. The success of the first (approval) trial for 17P in the impacted communities signals the importance of RWE. Continued access to 17P is, at its core, a matter of health equity. Black women must not yet again be left vulnerable to a system that historically has overlooked them.
